A solar chimney - often referred to as a thermal chimney - is a way to improve natural ventilation of buildings using convection of air heated by solar energy passive. A simple description of a solar chimney is that of a vertical shaft utilizing solar energy to enhance natural ventilation stack of flats in a building .
In its simplest form, a solar chimney is a chimney painted black. During the day solar energy heats the chimney and the air inside it, creating an updraft in the chimney.
The suction created at the base of the chimney can be used to ventilate and cool the building.
In much of the world is simpler to take advantage of prevailing winds from the site, but on calm days and warm this type of fireplace can provide ventilation where otherwise there would be no.
There are however a number of variations in solar chimney. The basic design elements of a solar chimney are:
- The solar collector area: This area can be located at the top the chimney or can include the whole shooting axis.
- orientation, type of paint, insulation and thermal characteristics of this element are crucial to attract, retain and use solar energy.
- The main ventilation shaft: The location, height, cross section and the thermal characteristics of this structure are also very important.
- The inlet and outlet: The size, location and aerodynamic aspects of these elements are also significant in performance.
Building on the same principle of operation have been proposed solar power generation systems with a large greenhouse at the base to heat the air which then rises to a high speed from a high chimney where wind turbines are located . Also called hurricane plant.
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